ĭiagnosis is based on a person's symptoms and history of medication use. Onset of symptoms is typically within a day of the extra serotonin. It is a predictable consequence of excess serotonin on the central nervous system. It occurs in about 15% of SSRI overdoses. This may include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), amphetamines, pethidine (meperidine), tramadol, dextromethorphan, buspirone, L-tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan, St. John's wort, triptans, ecstasy (MDMA), metoclopramide, or cocaine. Serotonin syndrome is typically caused by the use of two or more serotonergic medications or drugs. Complications may include seizures and extensive muscle breakdown. In severe cases, body temperature can increase to greater than 41.1 ☌ (106.0 ☏). Symptoms in moderate cases include high body temperature, agitation, increased reflexes, tremor, sweating, dilated pupils, and diarrhea. Symptoms in mild cases include high blood pressure and a fast heart rate usually without a fever. The symptoms can range from mild to severe, and are potentially fatal. Serotonin syndrome ( SS) is a group of symptoms that may occur with the use of certain serotonergic medications or drugs. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, malignant hyperthermia, anticholinergic toxicity, heat stroke, meningitis Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), amphetamine, methylene blue, pethidine (meperidine), tramadol, dextromethorphan, ondansetron, cocaine High body temperature, agitation, increased reflexes, tremor, sweating, dilated pupils, diarrhea Serotonin toxicity, serotonin toxidrome, serotonin sickness, serotonin storm, serotonin poisoning, hyperserotonemia, serotonergic syndrome, serotonin shock
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